What is router

Today we will talk about the router, the router is an electronic device that is used to connect two different networks, it works on the network layer of the OSI model, which sends packets according to the IP address of the destination.


The routers are connected to each other, which works under the routing protocol, each router has the information of its neighboring router, on the basis of which they see and know each other's status, now today we all need inside Cisco packets.  For this I will explain everything step by step easily and I will show this in CISCO packet tracer

Some important configuration has to be done in Cisco packet tracer, many times the ports are not visible in the packet tracer, for that you go to the options and go to the preferences and tick the option showing the port in the check box, this will show the ports.

Change font size in Cisco packet tracer



Many times we want to change the background color or font size, font color of our router or other device but due to lack of information, people are unable to do so, today I will tell you how to change the font inside your Cisco Packet Tracer.  for that you have to be the first

 1) Click on the option and a new page will open

 2) On clicking on the font menu, a dialog box will open in which the font size will be visible at the top, you can increase or decrease the font size by dragging your mouse.

 3) Below you will see the option of background color and font color of different devices.

 On the drop down list, select the color as per your wish and apply, in this way the font size and other details of your Cisco packets tracer will change.



Change host


Host name is the name that belongs to the router, in which after opening the router, it is written before > or #, if you want to change your host, then there is a small command for that host and then the name of your host.  Type the one you want to give and press the enter button, thus the host of your router will change.
Now let's talk about the basic configuration of the router, first of all, as soon as you open the router, the router boots for some time, then go to its CLI option and press N, although if it does not happen and you do y then you will get the router  Step by step settings will have to be done accordingly.  First of all, as soon as the router is opened, the user opens in exec mode, if you want to go further in privilege mode, then for that you have to type enable or en and press enter, in this way you will come to privilege mode, it will open with # if you have any further  If you want to make settings then you need to go into configuration mode and for this you have to use command config terminal or config t, in this way you will go to all three modes.

Create password in Cisco router


If you want that you give a password inside your router so that no other person or admin other than the duty engineer can tamper with its settings, then a password is put inside it so that it is secure and it does not go into the privilege mode.  Go to configure mode and type enable password and after that the password you want to give

Configure IP address in router


If you want to set IP address in a router, first of all tell that IP address belongs to any particular interface of the router, that IP itself is called gateway. Interface is the place where two devices connect together ie.  In simple language, I will tell you how to set IP address inside the router by CLI.

 1) First you go to configure mode by using config t command

 2) Then enter the interface in which you want to give IP, type the command interface or int and then give the name of the interface.

3) After typing the ip address, type the subnet mask by giving the router's IP address and space, then press enter

 3) Using the no shutdown or no shut command, turn off the interface, in this way you can easily save the IP address inside your router.

Now we will read about how to set IP address from GUI, for this you click on your router.

 1) Click on the config menu, click on the interface button in the left pane, all the interfaces will open, click on any one whose IP address is to be set, a dialog box will open.

 2) Now fill the IP address and its subnet mask, after that tick the check box of the port, in this way you can easily give IP address from GUI base also

Telnet configuration


Telnet is a protocol with the help of which we can access the router remotely or take this service. After all, why is telnet needed, suppose you want me to do whatever settings I want without going to the router.

 But if you do, then you will have to do telnet configuration, now how do you configure telnet, for that you follow the steps given below.
1) Go to configuration mode and type line vty 0 4 and press enter

 2) By typing password, give the password you want to give, keep in mind that when you access telnet, then you will have to give this password.

2) now you type the line console 0 and press enter

 3) After this you need to enter the enable password and the name of the password, keep in mind that you will need this password after accessing the telnet configuration, after going from user exec mode to privilege mode
4) Now go to the terminal of your PC and go there, type telnet and type the IP address of that router and press enter.

 5) Will ask for the password, then after that you can use the router remotely


PPP configuration


PPP is a security protocol inside the configuration data link layer in the router, which authenticates in three layers and secures the frame, now we will do step by step PPP configuration.

 1) First of all go to configure mode with username

 After that type the username then the password and the name you want to give the password, then press enter.

 2) Now to go inside the interface, type int and port no and press enter.

 3) Now type encapsulation ppp and press enter, in this way encapsulation will be set


HDLC

This protocol is used for frames in the data link layer.


 1) Now to go inside the interface, type int and port no and press enter.

 2) Now type encapsulation HDLC and press enter, in this way the encapsulation will be set


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